parlare = to speak

cantare = to sing

mangiare = to eat

studiare = to study

giocare = to play

pensare = to think

comprare = to buy

imparare = to learn

amare = to love

Then to conjugate the infinitive, you will drop the 'are' and add the following endings:

io = add 'o'

tu = add 'i'

Lei/lui/lei = add 'a'

noi = add 'iamo'

voi = add 'ate'

loro = add 'ano'

So, for example, here is how to conjugate the verb 'cantare.'

cantare = to sing

io canto = I sing

tu canti = you sing

Lei/lui/lei canta = you/he/she sings

noi cantiamo = we sing

voi cantate = you sing

loro cantano = they sing

The seven ways to say 'the' are il, lo, l', la, i, gli, and le. Now here are the rules for deciding which of these forms to use.

il = will precede masculine singular nouns that begin with a consonant, except words beginning with ps, pn, gn, z and s followed by a consonant.

il libro = the book

il ragazzo = the boy

lo = will precede masculine singular nouns that begin with ps, pn, gn, z and s followed by a consonant.

lo specchio = the mirror

lo studente = the student

l' = will precede all masculine and feminine singular nouns beginning with a vowel.

l'amico = the friend

l'acqua = the water

la = will precede all feminine singular nouns beginning with a consonant.

la donna = the woman

la ragazza = the girl

i = is the plural form of il.

i libri = the books

i ragazzi = the boys

gli = is the plural form of lo and l' for masculine plural nouns.

gli specchi = the mirrors

gli amici = the friends

le = is the plural form of both la and l' for feminine plural nouns.

le donne = the women

le acque = the waters

ragazzo = boy

ragazza = girl

bambino = baby

uomo = man

donna = woman

cane = dog

gatto = cat

acqua = water

specchio = mirror

pasta = pasta

pane = bread

verdure = vegetables

gnocchi = Italian dumplings

zucchero = sugar

insalata = salad

spaghetti = spaghetti

When the time is after the hour, add the word 'e' and the appropriate number of minutes. To indicate the half hour, use the phrase 'e mezza.' To indicate the quarter of the hour, use the phrase 'e un quarto.'

e = and

e mezza = and half

e un quarto = and a quarter

E' l'una e venticinque = It's 1:25

Sono le tre e dieci = It's 3:10

E' l'una e mezza = It's 1:30

Sono le quattro e mezza = It's 4:30

E' l'una e un quarto = It's 1:15

Sono le dieci e un quarto = It's 10:15

When the time is before the hour, use the word 'meno' and the appropriate number of minutes.

meno = minus

E' l'una meno cinque = It's five 'til one or 12:55

Sono le otto meno venti = It's twenty 'til eight or 7:40

E' l'una meno un quarto = It's fifteen 'til one or 12:45

Sono le sette meno un quarto = It's fifteen 'til seven or 6:45

giorno = day

settimana = week

mese = month

anno = year

minuto = minute

ora = hour

fa = ago

orologio = clock, watch

mezzogiorno = noon

mezzanotte = midnight

Che ore sono? = What time is it?

E' l'una = It's one o'clock

Sono le due = It's two o'clock

E' mezzogiorno = It's noon

E' mezzonotte = It's midnight